The Checker Shadow Illusion is created by a checkerboard pattern composed of squares with different luminance values, the squares that are not directly illuminated by the light source appear darker than the illuminated squares, creating the illusion of shadows. The illusion is more pronounced when the squares are of high contrast, the light source is positioned at an oblique angle, and the checkerboard pattern is viewed from a distance.

The Checker Shadow illusion is an example of how our visual system can be misled by certain patterns and how the relative luminance can affect our perception of shadows and depth. It shows how the visual system uses the information from the image to infer the presence of shadows and depth even when it isn’t there.

Table of Contents

• How does the Checker Shadow Illusion work?
• Versions of the Checker Shadow Illusion
• Illusions like the Checker Shadow Illusion
• Discovery of the Checker Shadow Illusion
• References and Resources
• Sign up for emails from Mental Bomb

How does the Checker Shadow Illusion work?

The Checker Shadow Illusion works by manipulating the relative luminance of the squares in a checkerboard pattern and the position of a light source.

Our visual system uses the information from the image to infer the presence of shadows and depth, and when the squares in the checkerboard pattern are of high contrast, the light source is positioned at an oblique angle, and the pattern is viewed from a distance, it creates the illusion of shadows on the squares that are not illuminated by the light source.

The illusion works because our visual system interprets the relative luminance of the squares in the checkerboard pattern as a cue for the presence of shadows and depth.

When the squares are of high contrast, our visual system assumes that the illuminated squares are closer to the light source and the dark squares are farther away, creating the illusion of shadows on the dark squares.

Additionally, the illusion is also influenced by the way our visual system processes the information in the image, such as the size, shape, and color of the squares, and the position of the light source.

The illusion is more pronounced when the light source is positioned at an oblique angle, because it creates more contrast between the illuminated and dark squares, and when the checkerboard pattern is viewed from a distance, because it makes the illusion more realistic.

In summary, the Checker Shadow Illusion works by manipulating the relative luminance of the squares in a checkerboard pattern and the position of a light source, which creates the illusion of shadows on the squares that are not illuminated by the light source, tricking the visual system into interpreting the pattern as having depth and shadows.

Versions of the Checker Shadow Illusion

The following is an alternate version of the Checker Shadow Illusion:

Illusions like the Checker Shadow Illusion

The Checker Shadow Illusion is a type of visual illusion known as a “perception illusion” or “perceptual illusion”. These types of illusions are created by manipulating the visual information in an image in a way that tricks the visual system into interpreting it differently from how it actually is.

In the case of the Checker Shadow Illusion, the visual information is manipulated by using a high-contrast checkerboard pattern and a light source positioned at an oblique angle, creating the illusion of shadows on the squares that are not illuminated by the light source, even though there are no actual shadows present in the image.

Perception illusions like the Checker Shadow Illusion, demonstrate how our visual system uses cues such as relative luminance, depth and shadows, to interpret the visual information and how easily it can be misled. These types of illusions are used to study how the visual system processes visual information and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of perception.

Some related illusions include the following:

The simultaneous contrast illusion is a visual effect that occurs when the perception of a color is affected by the colors of the surrounding area.

The illusion creates the appearance of a change in the color of an object, even though the actual color of the object remains constant.

The Neon Color Spreading illusion refers to the visual phenomenon where an area of color appears to spread or “bleed” beyond its intended boundaries.

The Bezold Effect: This illusion is created by placing two or more colors next to each other, and the way they appear to change when they are close to one another.  

The Mach Band Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object has a gradient of color, the edges of the object appear to be darker or lighter than they actually are.

The Chevreul Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When the edges of an object are surrounded by a contrasting color, the edges appear to be a different color than they actually are. Chevreul’s illusion is similar to Mach bands, but they work in different ways. Chevreul’s illusion is an effect on the perception of hue, while Mach bands is an effect on the perception of brightness.

The Hermann Grid Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives intersections of lines. When the intersections of a grid of lines are viewed, small gray dots appear at the intersections, even though they are not actually there.

The Watercolor Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object is surrounded by a colored halo, the object appears to have a different color than it actually does.

The Café Wall Illusion is a visual illusion that is created by a grid of alternating light and dark horizontal and vertical lines. The lines appear to be bent or tilted, even though they are actually straight.

Discovery of the Checker Shadow Illusion

The Checker Shadow Illusion was created by published by Edward H. Adelson in 1995.

Edward H. Adelson is a professor of Vision Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He is known for his research in the field of visual perception, particularly his work on the perception of lightness, color, and texture.

Adelson is best known for his work on the Checker-shadow Illusion. It was first published in 1995. He also made several other contributions to the field of visual perception, such as his research on the perception of color and texture, the perception of lightness and the perception of depth and motion. He has published many papers and articles on these topics and is widely considered to be one of the leading experts in the field of visual perception.

Adelson received his B.A. from Harvard University and his Ph.D. from MIT. He has received numerous awards for his work, including the David Marr Prize from the Cognitive Science Society and the Troland Research Award from the National Academy of Sciences. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychological Association, and the Optical Society of America.

References and Resources

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The Chubb illusion is based on the perception of brightness and can be observed when a small bright patch is surrounded by a larger dark area, the small bright patch will appear brighter than the same patch surrounded by a bright area.

This illusion is thought to be related to how the human visual system processes contrast and brightness in an image.

The center area of the two images below are exactly the same, but appear different because the background is different.

Table of Contents

• How does the Chubb illusion work?
• Versions of the Chubb illusion
• Illusions like the Chubb illusion
• Discovery of the Chubb illusion
• References and Resources
• Sign up for emails from Mental Bomb

How does the Chubb Illusion work?

The Chubb illusion works by creating a contrast effect between a small bright patch and the surrounding area. The perception of brightness is not solely determined by the absolute luminance of an object, but also by the relative luminance of the surrounding area. When a small bright patch is surrounded by a larger dark area, the small bright patch will appear brighter than it actually is, because our eyes perceive the contrast between the bright patch and the dark background to be greater.

The Chubb illusion works by manipulating the relative luminance of the surrounding area in a way that influences how our visual system perceives the brightness of the central patch. This effect is thought to be related to the way our visual system processes contrast and brightness in an image, and it is influenced by factors such as the size, shape and color of the surrounding area.

It’s also worth mentioning that the Chubb Illusion is a part of the family of the Contrast illusions, which are based on the perception of relative luminance. The Hermann Grid illusion and the scintillating grid illusion are examples of other contrast illusions.

Versions of the Chubb Illusion

The following is an alternate version of the Chubb Illusion:

Illusions like the Chubb Illusion

Color illusions work by exploiting the way that the human visual system processes color and light. The human eye is able to detect light in the visible spectrum, which consists of different wavelengths of light that correspond to different colors. The brain then interprets this information to create our perception of color. However, the way the brain perceives color is not always a perfect representation of the physical reality.

There are several factors that can influence the way that the visual system processes color and light, which can lead to the perception of illusions. These factors include:

Contrast: The way that the brain perceives color can be influenced by the surrounding colors and patterns. High-contrast borders around an area of color can cause the brain to interpret the color as spreading or “bleeding” beyond the actual boundaries of the object.

Lighting conditions: The way that the brain perceives color can also be affected by the lighting conditions. For example, when an object is viewed in bright light, the eye’s color receptors may become fatigued, causing the brain to perceive colors differently than they actually are.

Color adaptation: The brain adapts to the colors that we see over time, which can influence the perception of color. For example, if an individual looks at a red object for an extended period of time, the brain will adapt to the red, and when that person looks at a white object, it will appear to have a pinkish hue.

Color constancy: The brain is able to adjust the perception of color based on the context in which it is viewed. This can create illusions where the same color appears to be different depending on the surrounding colors.

Shape use: Some illusions like the Hermann grid illusion or the Cafe Wall illusion, use specific patterns and shapes to manipulate the perception of color and shape.

Some related illusions include the following:

The simultaneous contrast illusion is a visual effect that occurs when the perception of a color is affected by the colors of the surrounding area.

The illusion creates the appearance of a change in the color of an object, even though the actual color of the object remains constant.

The Neon Color Spreading illusion refers to the visual phenomenon where an area of color appears to spread or “bleed” beyond its intended boundaries.

The Bezold Effect: This illusion is created by placing two or more colors next to each other, and the way they appear to change when they are close to one another.  

The Mach Band Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object has a gradient of color, the edges of the object appear to be darker or lighter than they actually are.

The Chevreul Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When the edges of an object are surrounded by a contrasting color, the edges appear to be a different color than they actually are. Chevreul’s illusion is similar to Mach bands, but they work in different ways. Chevreul’s illusion is an effect on the perception of hue, while Mach bands is an effect on the perception of brightness.

The Hermann Grid Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives intersections of lines. When the intersections of a grid of lines are viewed, small gray dots appear at the intersections, even though they are not actually there.

The Watercolor Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object is surrounded by a colored halo, the object appears to have a different color than it actually does.

The Ishihara Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives colors. When a color is surrounded by a contrasting color, the brain perceives the color to be different than it actually is.

The flash lag illusion is a visual illusion that is based on the perception of the temporal relationship between a moving object and a flash of light. The illusion occurs when a moving object is followed by a sudden flash of light, and the perceived location of the flash appears to be behind the actual location of the object.

The Café Wall Illusion is a visual illusion that is created by a grid of alternating light and dark horizontal and vertical lines. The lines appear to be bent or tilted, even though they are actually straight.

Discovery of the Chubb Illusion

The Chubb illusion” was discovered by the psychologist John Chubb in 1990.

John Chubb was a British psychologist who was best known for his research in the field of visual perception. He was a lecturer at University College London and later a professor at the University of Sussex. He conducted many experiments on visual perception and published several papers and articles on the topic.

One of his most notable contributions is the discovery of the Chubb illusion, a visual illusion that demonstrates how the perception of brightness is influenced by the relative luminance of the surrounding area. He also worked on other areas of research such as motion perception, attention and visual search.

Chubb passed away in 2010, His work continues to be cited and referenced by other researchers in the field of visual perception and cognitive psychology.

References and Resources

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The Todorovic illusion is a visual illusion where a central object or space appears to be surrounded by a halo of light, even though no such halo is present in the image.

The illusion is created by the presence of bright and dark areas around the object, which can create the perception of a halo or aura.

Table of Contents

• How does the Todorovic illusion work?
• Versions of the Todorovic illusion
• Illusions like the Todorovic illusion
• Discovery of the Todorovic illusion
• References and Resources
• Sign up for emails from Mental Bomb

How does the Todorovic Illusion work?

The Todorovic illusion works by creating the perception of a halo or aura around a central object, even though no such halo is present in the image.

This illusion is created by the presence of bright and dark areas around the object, which can create the perception of a halo or aura.

The illusion is thought to be caused by the way our visual system processes and interprets the brightness and darkness of the surrounding areas.

The brain uses the brightness and darkness of the surrounding areas to infer the 3D shape and surface properties of the central object, and this can create the perception of a halo or aura.

Additionally, it is also thought that the Todorovic illusion is related to the visual system’s ability to automatically adjust the brightness of an image according to the surrounding brightness, this process is called “luminance adaptation” and it affects the perceived brightness of the central object.

The adaptation process to the surrounding brightness can create the illusion of a halo or aura around the central object.

Versions of the Todorovic Illusion

The following are some alternate versions of the Todorovic Illusion:

Illusions like the Todorovic Illusion

Color illusions work by exploiting the way that the human visual system processes color and light. The human eye is able to detect light in the visible spectrum, which consists of different wavelengths of light that correspond to different colors. The brain then interprets this information to create our perception of color. However, the way the brain perceives color is not always a perfect representation of the physical reality.

There are several factors that can influence the way that the visual system processes color and light, which can lead to the perception of illusions. These factors include:

Contrast: The way that the brain perceives color can be influenced by the surrounding colors and patterns. High-contrast borders around an area of color can cause the brain to interpret the color as spreading or “bleeding” beyond the actual boundaries of the object.

Lighting conditions: The way that the brain perceives color can also be affected by the lighting conditions. For example, when an object is viewed in bright light, the eye’s color receptors may become fatigued, causing the brain to perceive colors differently than they actually are.

Color adaptation: The brain adapts to the colors that we see over time, which can influence the perception of color. For example, if an individual looks at a red object for an extended period of time, the brain will adapt to the red, and when that person looks at a white object, it will appear to have a pinkish hue.

Color constancy: The brain is able to adjust the perception of color based on the context in which it is viewed. This can create illusions where the same color appears to be different depending on the surrounding colors.

Shape use: Some illusions like the Hermann grid illusion or the Cafe Wall illusion, use specific patterns and shapes to manipulate the perception of color and shape.

Some related illusions include the following:

The simultaneous contrast illusion is a visual effect that occurs when the perception of a color is affected by the colors of the surrounding area.

The illusion creates the appearance of a change in the color of an object, even though the actual color of the object remains constant.

The Neon Color Spreading illusion refers to the visual phenomenon where an area of color appears to spread or “bleed” beyond its intended boundaries.

The Bezold Effect: This illusion is created by placing two or more colors next to each other, and the way they appear to change when they are close to one another.  

The Mach Band Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object has a gradient of color, the edges of the object appear to be darker or lighter than they actually are.

The Chevreul Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When the edges of an object are surrounded by a contrasting color, the edges appear to be a different color than they actually are. Chevreul’s illusion is similar to Mach bands, but they work in different ways. Chevreul’s illusion is an effect on the perception of hue, while Mach bands is an effect on the perception of brightness.

The Hermann Grid Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives intersections of lines. When the intersections of a grid of lines are viewed, small gray dots appear at the intersections, even though they are not actually there.

The Watercolor Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object is surrounded by a colored halo, the object appears to have a different color than it actually does.

The Ishihara Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives colors. When a color is surrounded by a contrasting color, the brain perceives the color to be different than it actually is.

The flash lag illusion is a visual illusion that is based on the perception of the temporal relationship between a moving object and a flash of light. The illusion occurs when a moving object is followed by a sudden flash of light, and the perceived location of the flash appears to be behind the actual location of the object.

The Café Wall Illusion is a visual illusion that is created by a grid of alternating light and dark horizontal and vertical lines. The lines appear to be bent or tilted, even though they are actually straight.

Discovery of the Todorovic Illusion

This version was created by Vladan Todorovic, a psychologist and researcher who is known for his work in the field of visual perception and cognitive psychology. He is particularly known for his research on visual illusions and the neural mechanisms that underlie them.

He is a professor of psychology at the University of Belgrade, Serbia. He has published several papers and articles on visual perception and the neural mechanisms of visual illusions, including the Todorovic illusion which is named after him.

References and Resources

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There is a Todorovic illusion that is a version of White’s illusion

In the image below, the gray region bordered mostly by white appears lighter than the identical region bordered mostly by black.

Table of Contents

• How does the Todorovic-White’s illusion work?
• Versions of the Todorovic-White’s illusion
• Illusions like the Todorovic-White’s illusion
• Discovery of the Todorovic-White’s illusion
• References and Resources
• Sign up for emails from Mental Bomb

How does the Todorovic-White’s Illusion work?

The Todorovic-White’s illusion works by exploiting the way our visual system processes contrast.

Our visual system tends to perceive the gray bars as being more similar in color to the stripes that are closest to them, rather than as a neutral gray.

As a result, the gray bar on the white stripes appears lighter than the gray bar on the black stripes, even though they are the same color.

This is because the white stripes make the gray bar on them appear lighter in comparison, while the black stripes make the gray bar on them appear darker in comparison.

It is important to note that the illusion is not due to the bars themselves, but to the high-contrast background. If the background were uniform, there would be no illusion.

Versions of the Todorovic-White’s Illusion

The following are some alternate versions of the Todorovic White’s Illusion:

Illusions like the Todorovic-White’s Illusion

Color illusions work by exploiting the way that the human visual system processes color and light. The human eye is able to detect light in the visible spectrum, which consists of different wavelengths of light that correspond to different colors. The brain then interprets this information to create our perception of color. However, the way the brain perceives color is not always a perfect representation of the physical reality.

There are several factors that can influence the way that the visual system processes color and light, which can lead to the perception of illusions. These factors include:

Contrast: The way that the brain perceives color can be influenced by the surrounding colors and patterns. High-contrast borders around an area of color can cause the brain to interpret the color as spreading or “bleeding” beyond the actual boundaries of the object.

Lighting conditions: The way that the brain perceives color can also be affected by the lighting conditions. For example, when an object is viewed in bright light, the eye’s color receptors may become fatigued, causing the brain to perceive colors differently than they actually are.

Color adaptation: The brain adapts to the colors that we see over time, which can influence the perception of color. For example, if an individual looks at a red object for an extended period of time, the brain will adapt to the red, and when that person looks at a white object, it will appear to have a pinkish hue.

Color constancy: The brain is able to adjust the perception of color based on the context in which it is viewed. This can create illusions where the same color appears to be different depending on the surrounding colors.

Shape use: Some illusions like the Hermann grid illusion or the Cafe Wall illusion, use specific patterns and shapes to manipulate the perception of color and shape.

Some related illusions include the following:

The simultaneous contrast illusion is a visual effect that occurs when the perception of a color is affected by the colors of the surrounding area.

The illusion creates the appearance of a change in the color of an object, even though the actual color of the object remains constant.

The Neon Color Spreading illusion refers to the visual phenomenon where an area of color appears to spread or “bleed” beyond its intended boundaries.

The Bezold Effect: This illusion is created by placing two or more colors next to each other, and the way they appear to change when they are close to one another.  

The Mach Band Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object has a gradient of color, the edges of the object appear to be darker or lighter than they actually are.

The Chevreul Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When the edges of an object are surrounded by a contrasting color, the edges appear to be a different color than they actually are. Chevreul’s illusion is similar to Mach bands, but they work in different ways. Chevreul’s illusion is an effect on the perception of hue, while Mach bands is an effect on the perception of brightness.

The Hermann Grid Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives intersections of lines. When the intersections of a grid of lines are viewed, small gray dots appear at the intersections, even though they are not actually there.

The Watercolor Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object is surrounded by a colored halo, the object appears to have a different color than it actually does.

The Ishihara Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives colors. When a color is surrounded by a contrasting color, the brain perceives the color to be different than it actually is.

The flash lag illusion is a visual illusion that is based on the perception of the temporal relationship between a moving object and a flash of light. The illusion occurs when a moving object is followed by a sudden flash of light, and the perceived location of the flash appears to be behind the actual location of the object.

The Café Wall Illusion is a visual illusion that is created by a grid of alternating light and dark horizontal and vertical lines. The lines appear to be bent or tilted, even though they are actually straight.

Discovery of the Todorovic-White’s Illusion

This version was created by Vladan Todorovic, a psychologist and researcher who is known for his work in the field of visual perception and cognitive psychology. He is particularly known for his research on visual illusions and the neural mechanisms that underlie them.

He is currently a professor of psychology at the University of Belgrade, Serbia. He has published several papers and articles on visual perception and the neural mechanisms of visual illusions, including the Todorovic illusion which is named after him.

White’s illusion was discovered by Edward H. Adelson, a professor of Vision Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 1990s.

He named it after the British scientist, David Whitfield, who discovered a similar illusion in the early 20th century.

Adelson’s version of the illusion is widely used in research on visual perception and is known for its ability to reveal the workings of the human visual system. Adelson’s discovery was first published in the paper “Perception of the Brightness of Gray Patches” in 1993.

Edward H. Adelson is a professor of Vision Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

He is known for his research in the field of visual perception and is particularly known for his discovery of White’s illusion. H

e is also known for his work on the perception of lightness and color, including the discovery of the “checker shadow” illusion and the development of the “lightness constancy” theory.

He has published numerous papers in scientific journals, and has also been recognized for his contributions to the field with numerous awards and honors.

He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychological Association, and the Optical Society of America.

He received a BA from Harvard and a PhD from MIT, both in Physics.

References and Resources

Check out our complete list of illusions.

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White’s illusion is a visual phenomenon in which two identical gray bars are placed on a background of alternating black and white stripes.

The gray bars appear to be different shades of gray, with the one on the white stripes appearing lighter than the one on the black stripes.

This illusion is caused by the contrast between the gray bars and the surrounding stripes, which can affect our perception of the gray bars’ brightness.

In the image below, both gray bars have the exact same color.

Table of Contents

• How does the White’s illusion work?
• Versions of the White’s illusion
• Illusions like the White’s illusion
• Discovery of the White’s illusion
• References and Resources
• Sign up for emails from Mental Bomb

How does the White’s Illusion work?

White’s illusion works by exploiting the way our visual system processes contrast.

The gray bars in the illusion are surrounded by a background of alternating black and white stripes, which creates a high-contrast situation.

Our visual system tends to perceive the gray bars as being more similar in color to the stripes that are closest to them, rather than as a neutral gray.

As a result, the gray bar on the white stripes appears lighter than the gray bar on the black stripes, even though they are the same color.

This is because the white stripes make the gray bar on them appear lighter in comparison, while the black stripes make the gray bar on them appear darker in comparison.

It is important to note that the illusion is not due to the bars themselves, but to the high-contrast background. If the background were uniform, there would be no illusion.

Versions of the White’s Illusion

The following are some alternate versions of the White’s Illusion:

Illusions like the White’s Illusion

Color illusions work by exploiting the way that the human visual system processes color and light. The human eye is able to detect light in the visible spectrum, which consists of different wavelengths of light that correspond to different colors. The brain then interprets this information to create our perception of color. However, the way the brain perceives color is not always a perfect representation of the physical reality.

There are several factors that can influence the way that the visual system processes color and light, which can lead to the perception of illusions. These factors include:

Contrast: The way that the brain perceives color can be influenced by the surrounding colors and patterns. High-contrast borders around an area of color can cause the brain to interpret the color as spreading or “bleeding” beyond the actual boundaries of the object.

Lighting conditions: The way that the brain perceives color can also be affected by the lighting conditions. For example, when an object is viewed in bright light, the eye’s color receptors may become fatigued, causing the brain to perceive colors differently than they actually are.

Color adaptation: The brain adapts to the colors that we see over time, which can influence the perception of color. For example, if an individual looks at a red object for an extended period of time, the brain will adapt to the red, and when that person looks at a white object, it will appear to have a pinkish hue.

Color constancy: The brain is able to adjust the perception of color based on the context in which it is viewed. This can create illusions where the same color appears to be different depending on the surrounding colors.

Shape use: Some illusions like the Hermann grid illusion or the Cafe Wall illusion, use specific patterns and shapes to manipulate the perception of color and shape.

Some related illusions include the following:

The simultaneous contrast illusion is a visual effect that occurs when the perception of a color is affected by the colors of the surrounding area.

The illusion creates the appearance of a change in the color of an object, even though the actual color of the object remains constant.

The Neon Color Spreading illusion refers to the visual phenomenon where an area of color appears to spread or “bleed” beyond its intended boundaries.

The Bezold Effect: This illusion is created by placing two or more colors next to each other, and the way they appear to change when they are close to one another.  

The Mach Band Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object has a gradient of color, the edges of the object appear to be darker or lighter than they actually are.

The Chevreul Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When the edges of an object are surrounded by a contrasting color, the edges appear to be a different color than they actually are. Chevreul’s illusion is similar to Mach bands, but they work in different ways. Chevreul’s illusion is an effect on the perception of hue, while Mach bands is an effect on the perception of brightness.

The Hermann Grid Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives intersections of lines. When the intersections of a grid of lines are viewed, small gray dots appear at the intersections, even though they are not actually there.

The Watercolor Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives edges of an object. When an object is surrounded by a colored halo, the object appears to have a different color than it actually does.

The Ishihara Illusion: This illusion is created by the way the brain perceives colors. When a color is surrounded by a contrasting color, the brain perceives the color to be different than it actually is.

The flash lag illusion is a visual illusion that is based on the perception of the temporal relationship between a moving object and a flash of light. The illusion occurs when a moving object is followed by a sudden flash of light, and the perceived location of the flash appears to be behind the actual location of the object.

The Café Wall Illusion is a visual illusion that is created by a grid of alternating light and dark horizontal and vertical lines. The lines appear to be bent or tilted, even though they are actually straight.

Discovery of the White’s Illusion

White’s illusion was discovered by Edward H. Adelson, a professor of Vision Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 1990s.

He named it after the British scientist, David Whitfield, who discovered a similar illusion in the early 20th century.

Adelson’s version of the illusion is widely used in research on visual perception and is known for its ability to reveal the workings of the human visual system. Adelson’s discovery was first published in the paper “Perception of the Brightness of Gray Patches” in 1993.

Edward H. Adelson is a professor of Vision Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

He is known for his research in the field of visual perception and is particularly known for his discovery of White’s illusion. H

e is also known for his work on the perception of lightness and color, including the discovery of the “checker shadow” illusion and the development of the “lightness constancy” theory.

He has published numerous papers in scientific journals, and has also been recognized for his contributions to the field with numerous awards and honors.

He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychological Association, and the Optical Society of America.

He received a BA from Harvard and a PhD from MIT, both in Physics.

References and Resources

Check out our complete list of illusions.

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